1. Mea i hoonuiia i ke gula: He kilika gula ke kumu, a ua uhiia kona ili me ka papa gula hamama (K).ʻElua waihoʻoluʻu o ke gula hāmama: ke gula keʻokeʻo a me ke gula melemele.
A. gula
He metala gula kēia me ka ductility maikaʻi a aneane ʻaʻohe discoloration oxidative.No ka mea, palupalu loa ke gula maʻemaʻe (24K), ke hoʻohana ʻia ke gula ma ke ʻano he kiʻi maka.Hoʻohui ʻia me nā mea hoʻohui e like me ke kila a me ke kālā e hoʻolilo iā ia i mea hoʻohui e hōʻemi i ka pae a hoʻonui i ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī.ʻO ka maʻiʻo gula o nā papa hoʻonani maʻamau he 18K, 14K, 12K, loK.
B platinum
He metala keʻokeʻo kēia, kaumaha a pipiʻi, me ka maʻemaʻe o 95%.
2. Wehe i ke gula a me ka puolo gula
H. He aha ke gula hamama?ʻO ke gula i kapa ʻia ʻo (K) ʻaʻole ia he gula maʻemaʻe, akā he mea i hana ʻia me ke gula maʻemaʻe a me nā metala ʻē aʻe.ʻO ke gula maʻemaʻe he gula ʻaʻole i hoʻopili piha ʻia (ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole i hoʻohui ʻia i nā metala ʻē aʻe).ʻO ke gula hāmama i hoʻohana ʻia ma ka ʻoihana e pili ana i ka ratio o ke gula maʻemaʻe i nā metala ʻē aʻe i loko o ka huila, i hōʻike ʻia ma nā helu (K), i hōʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he nui o ka hapahā o ka nui o ke kaumaha o ke gula, no laila he gula maʻemaʻe 24K. .ʻO ke gula 12K ka huila i loaʻa nā ʻāpana he ʻumikumamālua o ke gula maʻemaʻe a he ʻumikumamālua ʻāpana o nā metala ʻē aʻe, a ʻo 9K gula ka huila i loaʻa nā ʻāpana ʻeiwa o ke gula maʻemaʻe a me nā ʻāpana he ʻumikumamālima o nā metala ʻē aʻe.
B. Gild
ʻO ka lole gula ke ʻano o ka maikaʻi.I ka hana ʻana i ke gula-ʻaʻahu, hoʻokahi papa o ka metala kumu i wahī ʻia me hoʻokahi papa o ke gula hāmama, a ʻo ka mea kikoʻī hope loa ʻo ia ka ratio o ke gula hāmama i hoʻohana ʻia a me ka helu o ke gula hāmama.
ʻElua ala e hōʻike ai i ka uhi gula: hoʻokahi hapaʻumi o 12 (K) ʻo ia hoʻi he 12K gula ka hapaʻumi o ke kaumaha o ke kumu;hōʻike ʻia kekahi e ka nui o ke gula maʻemaʻe i loko o ka huahana i hoʻopau ʻia;Hiki ke kākau ʻia ka hapaʻumi gula 12K ma ke ʻano he gula maʻemaʻe 5/100 (no ka mea, ʻo 12K gula he 50/100 gula maʻemaʻe).Pēlā nō, hiki ke kākau ʻia i ka iwakāluakūmālua 10K gula e like me 21/looo gula maʻemaʻe.Ma ka hoʻohālikelike, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke gula melemele a me ke keʻokeʻo e hana i nā papa ʻaʻahu gula.
3. Mea hao keleawe
ʻO nā'āpana keleawe nui loa he keleawe, keleawe, zinc cupronickel, a me nā mea'ē aʻe, a me ke keleawe a me ka cupronickel e hoʻohana mauʻia i kaʻoihana aniani.
A. Copper nickel zinc alloy (zinc cupronickel)
Ma muli o kona machinability maikaʻi (machinability, electroplating, etc.), hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻāpana āpau.ʻO ia kahi huila ternary i loaʻa iā Cu64, Ni18, a me Znl8.
B. keleawe
ʻO ia kahi hui binary i loaʻa cu63-65% a ʻo ke koena he zn, me kahi hue melemele.ʻO ka hemahema ʻo ia ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kala, akā no ka maʻalahi o ka hana ʻana o ka chip, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā pad ihu.
C. Copper nickel zinc tin alloy (Bran Kas)
I loko o kēia huila quaternary i loaʻa iā Cu62, Ni23, zn1 3, a me Sn2, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka siliki lihi a me ka paʻi ʻana i nā hōʻailona o ka hale hana ma muli o kona elasticity maikaʻi loa, nā waiwai electroplating a me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa.
D. keleawe
ʻO kēia kahi huila o Cu a me nā sn alloys me nā waiwai like ʻole e like me ka hapa o ka sn i loko.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke keleawe, no ka mea aia ka tin sn, he pipiʻi a ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hana ʻana, akā no kona elasticity maikaʻi loa, kūpono ia no nā mea uea lihi, a ʻo ka hemahema ʻaʻole ia e pale i ka corrosion.
E. Kiʻekiʻe-ikaika corrosion-kūpaʻa nickel-keleawe huila
ʻO kēia kahi huila i loaʻa iā Ni67, CU28, Fc2Mnl, a me 5i.He ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo ka waihoʻoluʻu, me ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion ikaika a me ka elasticity maikaʻi ʻole.He kūpono ia no ke apo o ke kiʻi.
Aneane hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻāpana keleawe ʻelima i luna ma ke ʻano he kumu mua no nā mea gula-plating a me ka primer no ka electroplating i nā kiʻi aniani i hana ʻia ma ka home a ma waho.
4.Stainless Steel
ʻO kēia kahi huila i loaʻa iā Fe, Cr, a me Ni.ʻO ke kūpaʻa corrosion maikaʻi, me nā ʻano like ʻole me nā mea hoʻohui like ʻole.ʻO ka elasticity kiʻekiʻe, hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā luakini a me nā screws.
5. Kālā
ʻO nā papa kahiko loa i hanaʻia me ke kala kala.ʻO nā makaaniani lōʻihi haole wale nō a me kekahi mau makaaniani hoʻohiwahiwa i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea maka no nā mea hou.
6. Anodized alumini
He māmā ka mea, pale i ka corrosion, a hiki i ka papa waho o ka alumina ke hoʻonui i ka paʻakikī o ka mea.A hiki ke kala ʻia i nā kala like ʻole.
7. Nikela kala
ʻOihana keleawe a me ka nickel alloy, a laila hoʻohui i ka zinc bleaching.Hana ʻia ke kālā, no laila ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo "kālā haole".He ikaika, kūpaʻa i ka ʻino, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka lole gula.No laila, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ke kiʻi keiki.Ma hope o ka hana ʻia ʻana o ke kiʻi, hoʻopili ʻia ka nickel plating maʻemaʻe e hoʻomālamalama i ke ʻano.
8.Titanium (Ti)
ʻO kēia metala māmā, pale wela, a me ka corrosion i hoʻokipa i ka manaʻo o nā ʻoihana like ʻole.ʻO ka hemahema ʻo ia ka nui o nā mea e pili ana i ka instability o ka ʻili mīkini.
9. Hoʻopili Rhodium
ʻO ka electroplating rhodium ma ke kiʻi gula melemele, ʻo ka huahana i hoʻopau ʻia he kiʻi gula keʻokeʻo non-metallic mea a me nā mea synthetic me ka hana paʻa a me ka hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-02-2021